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Business loans

What collateral is, how the two kinds of loans compare, and how to choose the right one.

3 minute readUpdated October 13, 2026By the NorthAxis Capital team

The short answer

  • A secured loan is backed by something of value, like equipment, property or money owed to you.
  • An unsecured loan has no specific asset backing it.
  • Secured loans usually mean lower rates and bigger amounts.
  • Unsecured loans can be quicker, but lenders often still ask for a personal guarantee.

What is collateral?

Collateral is something of value that backs a loan. If the loan isn’t paid, the lender can take it to get its money back.

Business collateral can be:

  • Equipment or vehicles
  • A building or land
  • Stock (inventory)
  • Money customers owe you (receivables)

What is a secured business loan?

A secured loan is backed by collateral. Because the lender has less risk, you often get a lower rate and a bigger loan.

For example, on a CSBFP loan, the lender must take security on the equipment or property you buy with it.

What is an unsecured business loan?

An unsecured loan has no specific asset backing it. The lender relies on your cash flow and credit instead.

That usually means a smaller amount and a higher rate. And most lenders still ask the owner to sign a personal guarantee.

Side by side

SecuredUnsecured
Backed by an asset?YesNo
RateUsually lowerUsually higher
AmountUsually biggerUsually smaller
SpeedCan take longer (asset checks)Often faster
Personal guaranteeSometimesOften

Which one fits your business?

  • Buying equipment or property? A secured term loan often makes sense. The item backs the loan.
  • Need a smaller amount fast? An unsecured loan or line of credit may fit.
  • Cash stuck in unpaid invoices? Invoice factoring uses those invoices instead of a loan.

Not sure? Tell us what you need and we’ll show you secured and unsecured options side by side.

FAQ

Quick questions, quick answers.

What is the main difference between secured and unsecured loans?

A secured loan is backed by an asset, like equipment or property. An unsecured loan is not.

Are unsecured business loans harder to get?

They can be, because the lender takes more risk. Strong cash flow and good credit help a lot.

What can I use as collateral for a business loan?

Equipment, vehicles, property, stock, and money customers owe you are common examples.

Do unsecured loans need a personal guarantee?

Often, yes. Many lenders ask owners of small businesses to sign one, even when there is no collateral.

Keep reading

More simple guides.

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